Addiction Models - 988 Words

Effective Components in Determining Substance Use Behavior Crystal Ramsey Liberty University Effective Components in Determining Substance Use Behavior Addiction is regarded as having a multitude of causations and contributing factors. No single specific component or model can accurately predict a person’s substance use behavior (Clinton amp; Scalise, 2013). Substance use disorders are a reflection of the impact of person-specific biological, psychological, and social influences. Understanding an individual’s spiritual beliefs and the role spirituality plays in a person’s susceptibility to addiction is also necessary. If a spirituality component is absent in a persons life, addiction could fill that void (Doweiko, 2015). Substance†¦show more content†¦Social The social model of addiction tries to recognize and repair systematic problems within society that could impact a person’s choice about substance use (Doweiko, 2015). Cultural, environmental, and family components of a person’s life are all a part of the social model. These influences can either enable the development of addiction or increase resistance against addiction. For instance, in distinct cultures and environments, the manufacture, sale, and distribution of illicit drugs are considered as acceptable behaviors for a person to prosper and gain respect (Doweiko, 2015). Social aspects such as poverty, community immersion, unemployment, and family structure either influence or guard the person from substance abuse. Identification of adverse social influences so that these concerns can be attended to will decrease the probability of the individual relapsing or the continued abuse of substances (Doweiko, 2015). Disease of the Human Spirit Disease of the human spirit does fit within the bio/psycho/social models. The spiritual model of addiction indicates that substance use and abuse is the result of a spiritual weakness within the person. Every addiction is a disease of the spirit (Doweiko, 2015). People that have a deeper involvement with the church have a decreased risk of developing an addiction. Spiritual development includes the acknowledgment of the pain and sufferingShow MoreRelatedModels of Addiction Essay822 Words   |  4 PagesModels of Addiction SUBS 505 Models of Addiction The three models of addiction examined in this week’s readings include the medical model, the psychosocial model, and the disease of the human spirit model. The medical model â€Å"rests on the assumption that disease states are the result of a biological dysfunction, possibly one on the cellular or even molecular level† (Doweiko, 2012, p. 333). Many consider this model and â€Å"maintain that much of human behavior is based on the interaction between theRead MoreAddiction : The Moral Model Of Addiction Essay2483 Words   |  10 Pagesdoes the disease model of addiction differ from the moral model of addiction? The disease model of addiction and the moral model of addiction provide completely different explanation for the tendency of substance abuse. The disease model of addiction predates to 1784 when the American physician Benjamin Rush published a pamphlet which discussed alcoholism in medical terms and outlined treatments for what he considered was a â€Å"disease† (Atkins, 2014, p. 52). This model of addiction generally arguesRead MoreThe Moral Model Of Addiction2309 Words   |  10 Pagesgreater understanding in the area of causality may produce more effective interventions at earlier stages of drug misuse. Definition addiction/dependence, lots of theories this paper will provide a brief overview of the main theories of addiction in view to their relevance within treatment and recovery issues which will be discussed in later sections. There are many models and theories which attempt to explain the causes of substance misuse and dependence. They range from those which highlight the importanceRead More The Etiology of Addiction Disease Model Essay examples1522 Words   |  7 PagesAddiction is like all behaviours â€Å"the business of the brain†. Addictions are compulsive physical and psychological needs from habit-forming sustenances like nicotine, alcohol, and drugs. Being occupied with or involved in such activities, leads a person who uses them again and again to become tolerant and dependent eventually experiencing withdrawal. (Molintas, 2006). Addictive drugs cause dopamine neurons to release dopamine, the pleasure hormone. The narcotics disable the neurons that wouldRead MoreThe Medical Model Of Addiction1413 Words   |  6 Pages Drug and Alcohol Treatment in America has been based on the Medical Model of Treatment. According to Wikipedia, the medical model of addiction is rooted in the philosophy that addiction is a disease and has biological, neurological, genetic, and environmental sources of origin. Treatment includes potential detox with a 28 day or more stay at a residential treatment facility. The continuum of care can include an additional 28 days at the partial hospitalization level, followed by another 6 weeksRead MoreAn Effective Model Of Addiction Rehabilitation996 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough the BPS model had been adopted by many professionals and has gained much support as an effective model of addiction rehabilitation, there are still aspects that leave room for the possibility of improvement. The model is based on the idea that many factors can play an equal role in contributing to a disease. Some have criticized the model due to the fact that some diseases involve few psychological or so cial factors. Although this is rarely the case for addiction counseling, some still believeRead MoreA Comparison of Psychoanalytic Formulations of Addiction and Cognitive Models of Addiction666 Words   |  3 PagesIn this paper I will be comparing and contrasting the Psychoanalytic formulations of addiction and the Cognitive models of addiction. According to Dennis L. Thombs, â€Å"people tend to get psychoanalysis and psychotherapy mixed up. Psychotherapy is a more general term describing professional services aimed at helping individuals or groups overcome emotional, behavioral or relationship problem† (119). According to Thombs and Osborn, â€Å"Cognitive refers to the covert mental process that are described byRead MoreAddiction : A Serious Problem Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesAddiction is a very serious problem in today’s society. It is the goal of counselors to help those who suffer from addictions. There are many different models that attempt to explain wh at addiction is, and how someone gets addicted. There many different views about addiction. â€Å"Historically addiction has been understood in various ways- a sin, a disease, a bad habit-each a reflection of a variety of social, cultural and scientific conceptions(Hammer et al., 2012 p. 713). While there are many differentRead MoreThe Role Of Celebrities And Youth Exist1296 Words   |  6 PagesThe idea of having a role model is something society loves to champion. Kids should have role models, and adults should strive to be worthy of such a duty. Kids that don’t grow up with strong role models and mentors are almost expected to fail; without footsteps to follow exactly, kids are incapable of, or at least unlikely to, achieve anything worth of substance. In the same breath, people advocating the importance of role models condemn the expansion of celebrity in today’s society, claiming thatRead More How Media Influences Women Essay example1074 Words   |  5 Pageslo ose weight. Media presents images that tell woman and girls that acceptance means being unnaturally thin. The average fashion model, whose image we are bombarded with, weighs twenty-three percent less than the average American woman. Twenty years ago, the average fashion model weighed only eight percent less. Only five percent of all women are born with the ideal fashion model body, which of course leaves the other ninety-five percent inundated with images of only the five- percent ideal type body.

Ethical Issues Of The Park Area 6 - 828 Words

The below are the list of the IT related ethical issues in the park area 6. Handling ethical issues is more important because they need to be handled otherwise the whole park brand image will go down. †¢ Employees Privacy: In any organization the privacy of the employees need to maintained. If the employees are being monitored by the management the employees need to be informed. Also the park management collects data of the individuals and they should not disclose them at any instance. Stakeholders: Employees, CEO and Data Administrator †¢ When the employees get resigned or terminated from the organization they should not disclose the secrets of the organization because the intruder/competitor can use it for their personal benefit. Stakeholders: CEO, Employees †¢ Security is the most important for the park there should be impenetrable security for the organization network because there are issues like cyber-attacks, Virus and Data Theft and loss. Stakeholders: Security Officials and Employees. †¢ The hackers if they enter into the park organization network they can steal the information of the visitors and employees debit and credit information. Because when the visitor enters into the park if they are asked to pay the fee online in the park network. Stakeholders: Visitors, Employees and Security Team †¢ Controlling the visitors and employees regarding the usage of the internet, infrastructure and the amenities in the park. Stakeholders: Employees, Visitors, CEO and Security TeamShow MoreRelatedSpace Colonization : A New Frontier1710 Words   |  7 PagesEthicists and environmentalists wonder how ethical it is to change the space environment and what consequences come with doing so. Politicians face the question of governance and law-making in the space frontier. The viewpoints toward space colonization are not simple to categorize as pro and contra, rather they are multi-layered and based on several fields of study, in particular, ethics, science, and economics. I will portray the complexity of the issue by analyzing some of the pro and contra philosophicalRead MoreEthical Issues Of Health Care954 Words   |  4 Pagesmonths, or in worst cases for few years. This are few examples of some ethical issues that a patients and their near one may need to face in a health care organization (Breslin, MacRae, Bell Singer, 2005). Besides that there are other issues are present in health sector. Apart from tha t there is a great discrimination have been observed in addressing ethical issues in health care from one issue to another. Few of the issue receives great attention from different media as well as from governmentRead MoreLearning About Current Events And Having Students Become Active Members Of Their Communities990 Words   |  4 Pagesarcheologists and historians, students can become captivated by social studies (Park and Scott, 2014). Thinking like a historian allows students to improve their â€Å"problem solving† ability, contemplate about context, draw connections to the modern day as well as feel compassion for other people. Teachers also need to plan in order for students to apply and build on their previous understandings in areas like technology (Park and Scott, 2014). Students should be involved in making assessment criteriaRead MoreNature Of Human Tissue Specimens Within Museum Collections1526 Words   |  7 Pagescollections. 6.3 Recommendations for Accessibility The specimen is currently not widely accessible. Located in the UCL Pathology Collection, housed at the Royal Free Hospital in Hampstead, it cannot be found in the central area of UCL and the nearest tube station is Belsize Park, thus a 15 minute journey away from the main campus. Students, academics, and other researchers are required to book an appointment to visit the collection for research purposes, which currently is only open to the publicRead MoreSocial Stratification: Through the eyes of Tà ¶nnies and Park1638 Words   |  7 PagesRobert Park. Both born in the late nineteenth century and living well into the first part of the 20th century, affording each an opportunity to experience radical industrial growth, political and economic upheaval, and the first great international war. Despite these similarities, each theorist offered unique perspectives on the sociological changes they saw around them. In this paper, I will attempt to explore these theories’ similarit ies and differences as well as apply each to the issue of socialRead MoreHacking And Its Effect On Human Behavior Essay1608 Words   |  7 Pageswondering how hacking differs from ethical hacking, ethical hacking is usually done by either a professional or company and is used to identify weaknesses and potential threats on a certain networking system or computer. Ethical hacking is used to help combat hacking with malicious intension by looking for weaknesses so that a network can be built to avoid these attacks and improve security. In this essay, I will be explaining the differences between hacking and ethical hacking, looking at both individuallyRead MoreNew Belgium Brewing: SWOT Analysis1354 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsible. They designed their core values and mission statement while hiking in a national park (Ferrell, 2010). In addition they wanted to promote the brand and corporate citizenship (Ferrell, 2010). Although the product is alcohol they encourage consumers to b e responsible. Also, they have sponsored events, dinners and philanthropic causes to help gain consumer loyalty. In 2013, USA named NBB as 6 out of 15 best brewing companies (Franklin, 2013). Also, the company has increased is competitiveRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Poverty And Homeless People1696 Words   |  7 PagesPhilbrook English IV 11/6/14 NC Graduation Project In North Carolina the problem that is needed to be addressed is poverty and homeless people throughout the entire state. Some of the problems the are leading causes to poverty and homeless people is unemployment, which is leading to less to none employment opportunities Leading Causes of Poverty†, and income disparity which is leading to many families to not be able to pay bills, buy, or manage income. With the current issue of the causes and effectsRead MoreWalt Disney Company1407 Words   |  6 PagesArmstrong and Kotler (2009), total world trade has been growing at 6% to 11% annually since 2003, whereas global gross domestic product has grown at only 2.5% to 5% annually. Global marketing has become necessary for an organization’s survival and The Walt Disney Company (Disney) has been a pioneer in global expansion. Disney was founded in 1923 and is one of the largest media and entertainment corporations in the world consisting of theme parks, film and record brands, and licensed character brands. AlthoughRead MoreA Comparative Study of Mergers and Acquisitions Within the Eu Aviation Sector: a Case Study of British Airways and Iberia.1575 Words   |  7 PagesAcquisitions within the EU Aviation Sector: A Case study of British Airways and Iberia. Key words: Mergers and Acquisitions, Aviation Sector, EU, Network Carriers, Strategies. Aims of Research: The Aim of this research is to address the following issues: 1) What are the main motives for engaging in Merger and Acquisition activity for Aviation Market? Did they reach their goals? 2) What are the consequences of Airlines Company’s merger and acquisition? How did this activity affect the

Master Cells of the Human Body Free Essays

Two of humanity’s main priorities are at stake: protecting life and curing disease. Embryonic stem cells are the solution to the many unanswered questions surrounding these priorities. Many people question why scientists cannot simply use adult stem cells for their research instead of using embryonic stem cells. We will write a custom essay sample on Master Cells of the Human Body or any similar topic only for you Order Now Adult stem cells have been researched for a much longer period of time and some treatments have successfully been developed from them.There are a couple of major constraints on the use of adult stem cells. They have proven to be very difficult to work with, one of the main issues being they are difficult to keep alive in the lab (Clemmit 703). The second constriction to using adult stem cells is that they are not pluripotent, or are unable to â€Å"replicate indefinitely†¦and†¦differentiate into cells representative of all three germ layers† (Singer 1). Adult stem cells are clearly not as useful as are embryonic stem cells.There is no doubt in anyone’s mind that it is unethical to purposely abort a child strictly for research purposes. However, once a child has been naturally aborted, aborted by choice of the mother due to other extraneous factors, or is simply lying in a pitri dish at a fertilization clinic, the precious tissue will otherwise go to waste. According to studies, â€Å"about 16,000 embryos are created in clinics each year, the majority of which are deemed unsuitable to transplantation in the mothers’ wombs† (Bettelheim 1067).There are estimated to be some 400,000 unused embryos in fertilization clinics, of which 8,000-10,000 will be simply discarded yearly (Clemmit 699). This waste of potentially life-saving stem cells is clearly unnecessary. At what stage of development should we consider an embryo a person with the same rights we receive? This long discussed concept is still in question today, with what seems to be no hope for consensus in sight for the near future. There are, however, some inevitable truths that we can find through research done on embryonic stem cells.Further advancing embryonic stem cell research will benefit humankind by providing crucial information on the beginning stages of life, allow scientists to watch how diseases that thousands of Americans suffer from yearly evolve and help find potential cures, and replace damaged tissues caused from unfortunate physical injuries. Some may argue that taking the life of an embryo is murder, as that embryo should have the same rights as those of an adult. It is argued, â€Å"Embryos should be protected because they are ‘that which we all once were’† (Clemmit 701).Many anti-abortion activists fear that advances in stem cell research will cause more women to look to abortion in order to receive compensation for their fetus. This argument goes as far to say that some women may intentionally conceive to receive money, therefore causing a â€Å"multimillion-dollar fetal harvesting industry† (Jost 1). What these activists fail to see is that â€Å"there is a significant difference between an embryo suspended in liquid nitrogen that will never be implanted inside a womb, and an unborn child who is already in the womb† (Bettelheim 1071).These cells will not go through the developmental stages required to grow into a fetus. Embryos are composed of the most basic part of life, simple cells that will eventually develop into much more complex tissues. At this stage, they are a cluster of about 150 cells called a blastocyt (Clemmit 699). Scientists will be able to research these blastocyts at their most simple stage of production, before each cell begins its amazing transformation into bone, blood, hair, brain, etc tissues. Being able to research this process, scientists will be able to discover more about what occurs inside the womb during the initial stages of growth.With the amount of birth defects in children born today, this information will prove to be highly beneficial. Today, â€Å"3 out of every 100 babies born in the United States have some kind of major birth defect† (Nicholson 1). These defects are sometimes hereditary; however, sometimes the reasons they occur are unknown. Scientists may be able to pinpoint precisely when these mutations occur in the tissue that cause defects such as tay sachs disease, down syndrome, and many others. The simple use of embryonic stem cells may greatly improve the quality of life for these unlucky newborn babies. Studying stem cells â€Å"offers a glimpse at human life in its simplest form†¦before they develop rudimentary nervous systems and are capable of achieving something resembling awareness† (Bettelheim 1067). The possible use of gene therapy to fix the chemical imbalances in our DNA that cause genetic disorders and some types of behaviors may be one of the greatest outcomes of continued and more aggressive research of embryonic stem cells. The evolution of many diseases that our population faces today may also be further understood by stem cell research.Scientists will be able to see a â€Å"’disease in a dish’, where degenerating cells themselves could be observed and treatments tested as a condition†¦develops† (Clemmit 700). For scientists, being about to observe the degeneration of cells into the said disease may help answer several questions as to why they occur. As of yet, there is still not a known cause as to why some people develop Parkinso n’s disease. There are a few genetic linkages through the patients currently living with the disease; however, the majority of these cases occur sporadically and without any connection to one another. If scientists are able to watch this disease in the making, they may be able to learn more about what goes wrong to cause the degenerating of cells; therefore allowing them to more effectively produce potential cures. This is true for several other diseases that similarly have no known cause or cure. The amazing ability to test potential cures on those diseases without using humans for clinical trials will also prove to be highly beneficial. Embryonic stem cells will allow scientists, â€Å"to explore stem cell cultures of cells that bear the genetic stamp of certain diseases†¦to test potential new treatments† (Clemmit 708).These pre-disposed cells will give researchers a large sample group of the disease in question and allow them to test many potential cures at the same time, being able to see the effects of multiple possibilities in comparison with one another. Additionally, there are several diseases that now have hope for a cure due to stem cells, as these precious c ells are able to replicate endlessly and can be grown into specific body parts (Bettelheim 1067). For those who have relatives that are currently suffering from diseases such as Parkinson’s or diabetes, this is the answer to a long-time question. Today, there are more than one million Americans alone living with Parkinson’s disease. According to research, embryonic stem cells are able to be grown into different body parts, allowing them to potentially replace cells that are no longer able to repair themselves. For those who suffer with the eventually life ending symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease such as compulsive shaking and the loss of muscle use, the idea of living a normal life again if a far-reaching dream that now has a future in sight.Either to help discover why these diseases occur or to help in replacing the degenerated cells, embryonic stem cells will provide much needed information on many incurable diseases that so many suffer from today. Several people suffer through life with outcomes of disability due to a serious physical injury form a onetime occurrence. Many of these people are now unable to walk, talk, or move due to injury of their spinal cord, brain, or any other nervous system or gans. Disabling injuries of this magnitude impact millions of people on a day to day basis. One of the extreme cases that have been highly publicized is the story of Christopher Reeves. Being a perfectly healthy jockey one day, his tragic fall from his horse left him a paraplegic and stuck in a wheelchair for the rest of his life. These types of injuries will benefit greatly from embryonic stem cells. As previously stated, embryonic stem cells are able to replicate endlessly and have been proven to be able to grow into any type of body part (Bettelheim 1067).There is still work to be done on these cells in order to cause them to â€Å"commit† into growing into a specific type of organ; however, with the proper funding for research, these cells will be able to replace damaged or destroyed cells in the body. Presently, scientists â€Å"have watched with amazement as some of the cells spontaneously evolve into tiny bundles of beating heart muscle, clumps of nerves, or even hair and teeth† (Bettelheim, 1067). These discoveries have been made even with the little a mount of research that has been able to be performed over the past 20 years. The extent to how much more these cells will be able to do for our bodies seem limitless from what has been discovered about them already. One of the greatest benefits of human stem cells is their acceptance from our bodies and immune systems. These cells are not rejected as they are able to take on the DNA of the recipient. Ideally, scientists will be able to take cells from the recipient and combine them with donor eggs, creating beginning stage embryos (Bettelheim 1073). By doing this, the recipient of the stem cells will have a perfect match to their own DNA, making rejection impossible for the body.Allowing these cells to combine and grow, scientists will be able to replace the broken parts of the body with newer and healthier parts. The rejection of the donor organ is the main cause of failure for present day organ transplants. As we have seen, these transplants have saved many lives that can be saved by simple embryonic stem cells being produced into perfectly matched organs and tissues. With the ability of embryonic stem cells to replace and regenerate damaged or dead cells, the quality of life will be greatly improved for many people suffering from ailments due to physical injuries.The answer to the question of human life or curing disease is clear. With breakthroughs in research on embryonic stem cells we can have both. It was stated at a NIH hearing that â€Å"a civilized society will appreciate the possibilities opened up by research, but will insist that scientific progress must not come at the expense of human dignity† (Bettelheim 1068). This statement clearly shows that we must not compromise ourselves in order to further advance science.The embryonic stem cells currently being used to do research are either donated tissues form women who choose to abort their pregnancies or still born babi es, or come from fertilization clinics where the embryos are donated by the couples who created them since they will no longer be used. The research on embryonic stem cells is not compromising our morale since the sources of this research would otherwise be discarded as waste. The benefits of embryonic stem cell research are proven to be highly beneficial on many levels for humanity.Works Cited Bettelheim, Adreil. â€Å"Embryo Research. CQ Researcher. 9. 47 (1999). CQ Researcher. Auraria Library. Web. 20 July. 2010. Clemmit, Marcia. â€Å"Stem Cell Research. † CQ Researcher. 16. 30 (2006). CQ Researcher. Auraria Library. Web. 20 July. 2010. Jost, Kenneth. â€Å"Fetal Tissue Research: Should We Permit Research on Fetal Tissue Transplants? †. CQ Researcher. 1 (1991). CQ Researcher. Auraria Library. Web. 20 July. 2010. Nicholson, Linda. KidsHealth. KidsHealth. com. Oct. 2010. Web. 20 July, 2010. Singer, Matthew A. Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics. California: Springer Science and Business Media B. V. , 2008. Web. How to cite Master Cells of the Human Body, Papers